Cloudflare D1 + R2 + Workers: Build a Full-Stack App at the Edge for Free

# Create a D1 database
wrangler d1 create my-app-db

# Add to wrangler.toml
[[d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "my-app-db"
database_id = "your-database-id"

// src/index.ts
import { Hono } from "hono";

type Bindings = { DB: D1Database };

const app = new Hono<{ Bindings: Bindings }>();

app.get("/files", async (c) => {
  const result = await c.env.DB
    .prepare("SELECT * FROM files ORDER BY created_at DESC")
    .all();
  return c.json(result.results);
});

// schema.ts
import { sqliteTable, text, integer } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core";

export const files = sqliteTable("files", {
  id: text("id").primaryKey(),
  name: text("name").notNull(),
  key: text("key").notNull(),   // R2 object key
  size: integer("size").notNull(),
  createdAt: text("created_at").default("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
});

// src/db.ts
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/d1";

export function getDb(d1: D1Database) {
  return drizzle(d1);
}

// wrangler.toml
[[r2_buckets]]
binding = "BUCKET"
bucket_name = "my-app-files"

import { Hono } from "hono";
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/d1";
import { files } from "./schema";

type Bindings = { DB: D1Database; BUCKET: R2Bucket };

const app = new Hono<{ Bindings: Bindings }>();

// Upload endpoint
app.post("/upload", async (c) => {
  const form = await c.req.formData();
  const file = form.get("file") as File;

  if (!file) return c.json({ error: "No file" }, 400);

  // 1. Store file in R2
  const key = `${crypto.randomUUID()}/${file.name}`;
  await c.env.BUCKET.put(key, file.stream(), {
    httpMetadata: { contentType: file.type },
  });

  // 2. Store metadata in D1
  const db = drizzle(c.env.DB);
  const record = { id: crypto.randomUUID(), name: file.name, key, size: file.size };
  await db.insert(files).values(record);

  return c.json({ id: record.id, key });
});

// Download endpoint
app.get("/files/:id", async (c) => {
  const db = drizzle(c.env.DB);
  const [record] = await db.select().from(files)
    .where(eq(files.id, c.req.param("id")));

  if (!record) return c.json({ error: "Not found" }, 404);

  const object = await c.env.BUCKET.get(record.key);
  if (!object) return c.json({ error: "File missing" }, 404);

  return new Response(object.body, {
    headers: { "Content-Type": object.httpMetadata?.contentType ?? "application/octet-stream" },
  });
});

export default app;

# Run locally with live D1 + R2 simulation
wrangler dev

# Apply migrations to local D1
wrangler d1 execute my-app-db --local --file=./migrations/001.sql

# Deploy to production
wrangler deploy

# Apply migrations to production D1
wrangler d1 execute my-app-db --file=./migrations/001.sql